High Pressure Vessel Fabrication Techniques
The Fabrication process for Pressure Vessels
A variety of different types of steel are used to make Pressure Vessels in both the private and the industrial sectors. Due to the diverse uses of pressure vessels, different types of steel must be used, such as stainless steel, carbon steel, carbon manganese steel, etc. An accurate cutting, molding, welding, and assembly of metals for the fabrication of pressure vessels is a very detailed process that involves the cutting, molding, welding, and assembly of metals that require precision. The following major design steps need to be taken before the fabrication process can begin, in order to ensure that it goes smoothly:
Design Concept – Define the scope of the project along with all the technical specifications that are required. The shape, size, and dimensions of the vessel must be specified. The fabricators of pressure vessels will also choose the material for the components that are required for manufacture based on the intended use of the vessel.
Stress & Strain Analysis – It is important to perform calculations based on mechanical principles in order to determine the strength of the material that will be used in the fabrication of pressure vessels.
Fabrication Drawings – Prepare fabrication drawings or assembly drawings for the fabrication process that include material parts, manufacturing standards, viewing sections, welding / bolting information, specific instructions, and serve as a guide for the execution of the fabrication process in the best possible way.
A building material which is commonly
used for fabrication is generally a plate, pipe, forging, structural shape,
welding rod or wire, etc., which is made of different types of materials. As
per the vessel requirements, these components are molded and forged from the
raw material to meet the specifications of the vessel. Some of the parts may
also require machining if additional precision is required. Following the
welding process, the welded components of the pressure vessel are assembled and
are then cooled and sandblasted before primer and paint can be applied to them.
Fabrication Techniques for High Pressure Vessels:
A high pressure process, as the pressure required increases, the thickness necessary to maintain stresses within a specified range increases as the amount of pressure required increases. As a result, the circumferential stress distribution becomes non-uniform. It has its maximum value at the innermost radius, while it has its minimum value at the outermost radius.
These vessels can be manufactured in a variety of ways:
1. Mono-block
or thick walled vessel.
2.
Layered vessels.
It is common for multi-layered
vessels to consist of numerous layers wrapped tightly around an inner shell to
create a pressure retaining envelope that is surrounded by multiple layers. The
construction of layered vessels can be done in a variety of ways. The
difference between these methods is in the thickness of individual layers,
wrapping procedure and welding technique. There are three types of layered
vessel construction that can be categorized.
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